Synthetic aperture radar SAR images are subject to prominent speckle noise, which is generally considered a purely multiplicative noise process. In theory, this multiplicative noise is that the ratio of the standard deviation to the signal value, the "coefficient of variation," is theoretically constant at every point in a SAR...
Microarray data normalization is an important step for obtaining data that are reliable and usable for subsequent analysis. One of the most commonly utilized normalization techniques is the locally weighted scatterplot smoothing LOWESS algorithm. However, a much overlooked concern with the LOWESS normalization strategy deals with choosing the appropriate parameters....
An algorithm that can discover potentially interesting objects in image data has been formulated and implemented in software. The algorithm is intended for applications in which the target objects are mathematically ill-defined and/or not known or specified in advance. Potential applications include finding localized geological features, locating defects in fabrics,...
This white paper proposes an efficient fitting algorithm for AAMs based on the inverse compositional image alignment algorithm and shows how the appearance variation can be "projected out" using this algorithm and how the algorithm can be extended to include a "shape normalizing" warp, typically a 2D similarity transformation. The...
Image thresholding has played an important role in image segmentation. This paper presents a novel spatially weighted fuzzy c-means SWFCM clustering algorithm for image thresholding. The algorithm is formulated by incorporating the spatial neighborhood information into the standard FCM clustering algorithm. Two improved implementations of the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) algorithm...
M2 PRESSWIRE-11 August 1999-RSA DATA: RSA's RC6 algorithm named as finalist for new federal crypto C1994-99 M2 COMMUNICATIONS LTD RDATE:080899 * Standard proposed to replace aging data encryption standard DES SAN MATEO, Calif -- After more than a year...
The National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST is recommending a new algorithm--CMAC (cipher-based message authentication code)--for authenticating digital data for federal agencies. CMAC can authenticate the source of digital data and assure that the data have not been modified. The main...
TWOFISH ENCRYPTION Bruce Schneier et al. The Twofish Encryption Algorithm: A 128-Bit Block Cipher. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Ave., New York, NY 10158-0012 USA. 1999. 186 pp. $49.95 hardbound. The National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST has announced it is replacing DES Data Encryption Standard, the...
Ed Leamer of UCLA has a very interesting discussion that relates directly to my recent post asserting that we probably weren't in a recession. Here's the abstract of his paper: Monthly US data on payroll employment, civilian employment, industrial production and the unemployment rate are used to define a simple...
The search for effective methodologies to detect cancer genes has provided the backdrop for a newly developed algorithm, produced by researchers at New York University's NYU, N.Y., Courant Institute and computer science department. The new algorithm works by combining and manipulating data ...
In this paper we present an algorithm, called the Wavelength before Time with Preventive Conversion WTPC algorithm that aims at reducing the loss rate in an optical burst switched network. The algorithm resolves contention in both the time and wavelength domain and uses a preventive conversion mechanism for some optical...
This paper focuses on the Advanced Encryption Standard AES which specifies a FIPS-approved cryptographic algorithm that can be used to protect electronic data. The AES algorithm a symmetric block cipher that can encrypt encipher and decrypt decipher information. Encryption converts data to an unintelligible form called ciphertext; decrypting the ciphertext...
NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California The Newton-Euler Inverse Mass Operator NEIMO algorithm and software that implements the algorithm have been developed to reduce the amount of time needed to perform computational simulations of the dynamics of macromolecules. The NEIMO algorithm and the associated software are intended, in particular, for...
We describe a new algorithm for estimating a model for an independent variable that is not directly observed but that represents one set of marginal totals of a sparse nonnegative two-way table whose other margin and zero pattern are known. The application that inspired the development...
IBM Tuesday announced the immediate availability of its MARS encryption algorithm under a royalty-free license, worldwide from Tivoli Systems Inc. The MARS algorithm is designed to protect e-commerce transactions and mission critical data, creating a secure environment for businesses and their customers in the Internet economy. Tivoli...
In any organization, for an effective supply chain management to operate, the purchasing function is very essential to perform effectively. It is the responsibility of purchasing managers to choose suppliers to purchase the required products for their company. Thus, it is very common for purchasing managers to conduct supplier evaluation...
This theoretical paper presents a new construction algorithm for sparse 1-fault tolerant minimal broadcast networks (1-FTMBNs). To construct a large 1-FTMBN with the algorithm, identical nodes in copies of a broadcast network that is not fault tolerant are connected according to the edge structures of two known 1-FTMBNs with a...
If permanent output is uncertain, tax smoothing can be perilous: both debt levels and tax rates are difficult to stabilize and may drift upwards. One practical remedy would be to target the debt. However, the simulations in the paper confirm that such a policy would require undesirably volatile fiscal adjustments...
NASA's jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California The RoverBug algorithm plans the motion of a robotic vehicle rover equipped with a CCD (charge-coupled device) camera or comparable sensor that has a limited field of view. The algorithm produces locally optimal (shortest-distance) paths across unbounded, previously unknown terrain; utilizes gaze control to...
